The Uttarandhra(Telugu: ఉత్తరాంధ్ర) region consists of three north coastal districts in Andhra Pradesh state in India. This region is also called Kalingandhra. The people speak Telugu language and most people depend on agriculture for farming.
The Uttarandhra region comprises:
Srikakulam District
Vizianagaram District
Visakhapatnam District
The region is in the extreme Northeast of Andhra Pradesh. The region is skirted to a distance by Kandivalasagedda, Vamsadhara and Bahuda at certain stretches of their courses white a line of heights of the great Eastern Ghats run from North East. East Godavari District flanks in the south and west while Orissa bounds it on the north and Bay of Bengal on the East .
visakhapatnam:
Visakhapatnam district has a population of 3,832,336 of which 39.95% is urban as of 2001. Also known as Vizag, this district has considereble population of STs That's why new Reorganisation commission proposed a reserved parliamentary constituency of ST's in this district. Araku also known as Andhra's ooty is a must see destination to tourists. This district has lot of Agency area, Beaches, Buddist sites, Historical buildings etc.
Vizag city, treated most developed city after Hyderabad in Andhra Pradesh has excellent natural advantages. This is a beautiful port city with decent beaches.
The city is the administrative headquarters of Visakhapatnam District.
Alternatively, it sometimes goes by its now mostly defunct colonial British name, Waltair. During the colonial era, the city had at its hub the Waltair railway station, and that part of the city still goes by the name of Waltair. It is sometimes also referred to as "The City of Destiny".
The city is home to several state owned heavy industries, and has one of the country's largest ports and its oldest shipyard. It has the only natural harbour on the eastern coast of India.
Andhra University, a prominent seat of education in Andhra Pradesh, is located here.
Vizag is primarily an industrial city, apart from being a Tourist Destination. It draws tourists to its unspoilt beaches, nearby scenic Araku Valley andBorra caves, the 11th century Simhachalam temple, and ancient Buddhistsites spread across the area.
The city boasts a submarine museum, the first of its kind in Southeast Asia, at Rama Krishna Beach. Visakhapatnam is also the headquarter of the Eastern Naval Command of the Indian Navy.
History
This region, formerly part of the great Kalinga empire that stretched up to the river Godavari, has also been mentioned in Hindu and Buddhist texts from the 5th and 6th centuries BCE, as well as by Sanskrit grammarians,Panini and Katyayana in the 4th century BCE.
This city was ruled by several dynasties: the Kalingas during the 7th century, the Chalukyas during the 8th century, the Cholas, the Qutb Shahisof Golconda, the Mughal Empire, and the Nizams of Hyderabad.
Scenic beauty of Vizag beach
Local legend says that an Andhra king (9-11th century) on his way toBenares rested there. So enchanted was he with the sheer beauty of the place that he ordered a temple to be built in honor of his family deity Visakha. Archaeological sources, however, reveal that the temple was possibly built between the 11th and 12th centuries by the Chola king,Kulottunga Chola I. A shipping merchant, Sankarayya Chetty, built one of the mandapams, or pillared halls of the temple. Though it no longer exists (It may have been washed away about 100 years ago by a cyclonic storm) elderly residents of Vizag talk of visits to the ancient shrine by their grandparents. Noted author Ganapatiraju Atchutarama Raju contradicted this.
In the 18th century, Visakhapatnam was part of the Northern Circars, a region of Coastal Andhra that came first under French control, and was later by the British. Visakhapatnam became a district in the Madras Presidency of British India. After India's independence this was the biggest district in the country and was subsequently divided into the three districts of Srikakulam, Vijayanagaram and Visakhapatnam.
The City/Town
From being a tiny little fishing village in the ninteenth century, Vizag has grown into an industrial hub. In the seventies and the eighties the city grew rapidly with a lot of investments in the state owned Hindustan Shipyard Limited, Vizag Steel, and other major industries. Economic liberalization in the ninties did bring a modest growth to the city but not as much as it did to the state capital Hyderabad. The urban sprawl that characterizes other major cities is yet to be seen here.
It has a small airport and has daily flights from Hyderabad and Mumbai. With the entry of two new budget airlines: Air Sahara and Air Deccanoperating there along with the State-owned airline Indian, there's a modest increase in frequency of the flights. Vizag Airport has recently received permission to operate night flights, and is in the process of constructing a new 10000-foot long runway to accommodate international flights and larger aircraft.
There has been a rise in the real estate prices, mainly attributed to theTelangana movement for a separate Telangana state with some speculating on Vizag becoming the next capital. Recently various software companies like Encore India ,Satyam Computers ,TCS etc have announced their plans for starting development centers here, this has also contributed to the rise in real estate prises. The inflows from NRIs from Vizag has further added to this rise.
The city's growth has mostly been due to its heavy industries (both state owned and private) such as:
HPCL – Oil Refinery (Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited)
Visakhapatnam Steel Plant Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited (RINL)Vizag Steel Plant
Hindustan Zinc Limited
Bharat Heavy Plate and Vessels Ltd (BHPV).
Hindustan Shipyard Limited
Visakhapatnam Port Trust
Coramandel Fertilizers
NTPC
Rain Calcining Limited
Essar Pelletization Plant (Recently a major expansion was done. The iron ore now used by this plant comes via a 267 km long pipeline from Bailadila, helping reduce transportation costs substantially)
HSBC
Timeline of Vizag's history
260 BCE: Ashoka conquered the Kalinga empire (of which Vizag was a part).
208: Chandra Sri Satakarni was king of this region.
11th Century: Simhachalam Temple built by Kulottunga I.
13th Century: Simhachalam Temple renovated and made southern imperial centre by the Ganga king Narasimha I of Orissa.
1515: Krishna Deva Raya was ruler of the area comprising Vizag
Mid-17th Century: A factory was founded in "Vizagapatam" by the British East India Company.
1652: Foundation of the most powerful zamindari family of the area, the Pusapatis of Vizianagaram.
1689: The Britush factory was occupied by the forces of Aurangzeb.
1735: Dutch Colony was established.
1765: The territory of the Northern Circars, of which Vizag was a part, ceded to the East India Company by the Nizam of Hyderabad. Following this, a British colony was established.
1904: Railway from Madras to Calcutta, passing through Vizagapatam was opened.
1923 :Andhra medical college started .
1926: Andhra University established.
1933: Visakhapatnam Port established.
1942: Japanese war planes attack Vizag.
1947: Eastern Naval Command established its base here. Prior to 1947 the Royal Navy had a base in HMIS Sircars.
1949: Scindia Shipyard started. Later nationalised and called Hindustan Shipyard.
1953: The Boat Repair Shop expanded into a Base Repair Organisation (BRO) and shifted to the location at the mouth of the northwest channel.
1957: A petroleum refinery by Caltex, currently owned by HPCL.
1965: Two survey ships JUMNA and INVESTIGATOR were permanently rebased at Visakhapatnam.
1971: INS Rajput of the Indian Navy destroys the Pakistani submarine Ghazi in the Indo-Pak War off the coast of Visakhapatnam.
1981: Visakhapatnam Steel Plant commenced operations.
Srikakulam
By virtue of being in Andhra Pradesh, the primary language is Telugu. However, since it shares a border with the East Indian state of Orissa, Like most of the coastal districts in Andhra Pradesh, Srikakulam is an agrarian community. Recent developments including industrial investment and the establishment of degree granting colleges has made it similar to several small Indian towns - developing very fast but hampered by a lack of infrastructure.
Several religious and tourist places are close to Srikakulam, including Srikurmam (dedicated to Vishnu's kurma-avatara or tortoise-avatara), Srimukhalingam, Arsavalli (one of the few Hindu Sun Temples), Salihundam (Buddhist viharas and stupas dating back to 2 AD were excavated here). The closest beach is Kalingapatnam.
Santhikshetram, a temple built in year 2000 maintained by Satya Sai Seva Samithi near Arasavalli temple serves its visitors free of cost by providing food and shelter since year 2000 especially during Radhasapthami and Maghamasam(10th month in Telugu Calendar).
The British who could not pronounce many Indian names called it "Chicacole". Former chief minister of Andhra Pradesh and famous actor, NT Rama Rao was a legislator from Tekkali in Srikakulam district.
vizia Nagaram
Vizianagram is the main city of the Vizianagaram District of North Eastern Andhra Pradesh in Southern India. Vizianagaram district was formed on the 1st of June 1979, with some parts carved from the neighbouring districts of Srikakulam and Visakhapatnam. It is located about 18 km inland from the Bay of Bengal, and 40 km northeast of Visakhapatnam. It is also sometimes referred to as the city of education in these parts as there are many colleges and schools here.
Rulers of this Zamindari belong to the Pusapati family. The village Pooshpadu in Nandigama Taluq was built by Amala. The village later came to be known as Pusapadu. Therefore, the Kshatriyas living there came to be known as Pusapati.
In 1754, Pusapati Vijayarama Gajapathi Raju, of the ruling family of Vizianagaram, made an alliance with the French, but a few years later the territory was ceded to the British. It remained under their control until independence in 1947.
Gajapati: Lord of elephants
Places to see: Raamateertham - a thousand year old temple of Lord Rama located near Nellimarla, 7 KM from Vizianagaram.
The Maharaja's Fort The Rani's Fort Ganta Stambham (Clock Tower)
The Venkateswara Alayam Govindapuram KUMILI located 12 km from district head quarter vizianagaram. It is famous for a premises with 13 temples and well-organized streets.
Educational InstituationsIn the district of District of Vizianagaram: there are nearly 4 engineering collegs. Among these the coleege of the Pusapati family is very well known.
The colleges are:
M.V.G.R College of Engineering,Vizianagaram Thandra Paparaya Institute of Science & Technology, Bobbili Gokul Institute of Science & Technology, Bobbili.
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